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Glossary

Glossary

Plain-English definitions of the terms you will meet in a specification, a quote or a safety audit.

BasicStructureElectricalProtectionSafetyWarehousingModelsAutomationComplianceCertification

Basic5 terms

Load CentreLoad centre

The horizontal distance from the vertical face of the fork to the centre of gravity of the load. For a standard 1200 x 1000 mm pallet evenly loaded this is about 500 mm. Moving the load centre forward significantly reduces the capacity the truck may actually lift.

Rated CapacityRated load

The maximum weight a truck is permitted to lift at a stated load centre and lift height, marked on the truck data plate. Outside those conditions the real capacity falls.

Residual CapacityResidual capacity

The load a truck can actually lift once the real load centre, lift height and any attachment have been taken into account.

Lift HeightLift height

The maximum height to which the top surface of the forks can be raised, normally given in millimetres or metres. A triple full-free mast reaches the greatest height.

Free LiftFree lift

The height the forks can rise while the overall height of the mast remains unchanged. Full free lift allows work in low-clearance spaces such as inside a container.

Structure3 terms

MastMast

The frame at the front of a truck that carries the forks and provides the lifting motion. Made in two, three and four stage versions, in standard and full-free types.

AttachmentAttachment

Any device fitted to the carriage instead of standard forks, such as a clamp, rotator or side shifter.

Side ShifterSide shifter

An attachment that moves the carriage sideways so the operator can align the forks without repositioning the truck.

Electrical6 terms

Three-Electric SystemThree-electric system

The combined controller, drive motor and travel motor package that forms the core powertrain of an electric truck.

AC DriveAC drive

A drive system using an AC motor. Compared with DC motors it has no carbon brushes, needs no maintenance, is more efficient and gives better regenerative braking.

Opportunity ChargingOpportunity charging

Charging a battery during breaks rather than running it flat. Supported by lithium, not by lead-acid.

Battery Management SystemBMS

Definition of Battery Management System as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

LiFePO4 / LFPLiFePO4

Definition of LiFePO4 / LFP as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Cycle LifeCycle life

Definition of Cycle Life as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Protection3 terms

IP Rating

An international scale for sealing against dust and water. IP65 and above is normal for cold store and washdown duties.

ATEX ZoneEx zone

A European classification of hazardous areas by the likelihood of an explosive atmosphere, which sets the explosion protection a truck must have.

Cold Store DutyCold store duty

Definition of Cold Store Duty as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Safety5 terms

Stability TriangleStability triangle

Definition of Stability Triangle as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Longitudinal Tip-over

Definition of Longitudinal Tip-over as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Lateral Tip-over

Definition of Lateral Tip-over as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Pre-use Inspection

Definition of Pre-use Inspection as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Overhead Guard

The protective roof over the operator position, designed to deflect falling objects.

Warehousing3 terms

Aisle Width

The clear width a truck needs between racking faces to operate. For reach and counterbalance trucks the right-angle stacking aisle is the relevant figure.

Stacking

Definition of Stacking as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Order Picking

Definition of Order Picking as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Models7 terms

Stand-on

Definition of Stand-on as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Sit-on / Rider

Definition of Sit-on / Rider as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Walkie / Pedestrian

Definition of Walkie / Pedestrian as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Counterbalance

Definition of Counterbalance as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Reach Truck

A truck whose mast or forks move forward to collect a pallet, so the chassis does not enter the racking.

Straddle

Definition of Straddle as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Three-way / Four-way

Definition of Three-way / Four-way as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Automation2 terms

Automated Guided VehicleAGV

Definition of Automated Guided Vehicle as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Autonomous Mobile RobotAMR

Definition of Autonomous Mobile Robot as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Compliance3 terms

CE Marking

Definition of CE Marking as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Declaration of Conformity

Definition of Declaration of Conformity as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Machinery Directive

Definition of Machinery Directive as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Certification2 terms

Special Equipment Manufacturing Licence

Definition of Special Equipment Manufacturing Licence as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

Type Test

Definition of Type Test as used in forklift and warehouse equipment specifications.

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